Rectal Prolapse Repair

Introduction:

Rectal prolapse, also known as procidentia or rectal procidentia, is a condition in which the rectum protrudes through the anus. Rectal prolapse repair is a surgical procedure aimed at restoring the rectum to its normal position and function.

Understanding Rectal Prolapse:

Rectal prolapse occurs when the rectum, which is the lower part of the large intestine, becomes stretched and protrudes through the anal opening. This can result from weakened pelvic floor muscles, chronic constipation, straining during bowel movements, childbirth, or other factors. Rectal prolapse can cause symptoms such as rectal bleeding, pain, fecal incontinence, and a feeling of incomplete bowel emptying.

Characteristics of Rectal Prolapse:

• Appearance: The protruding rectal tissue may be visible externally, appearing as a reddish mass protruding through the anus.
• Symptoms: Patients may experience symptoms such as rectal bleeding, discomfort, mucous discharge, fecal incontinence, and a sensation of incomplete evacuation.
• Severity: Rectal prolapse can range in severity from mild mucosal prolapse to full-thickness prolapse with significant tissue protrusion.
• Impact on Quality of Life: Rectal prolapse can significantly impair quality of life due to symptoms such as fecal incontinence and discomfort during bowel movements.

Causes and Risk Factors:

• Weak Pelvic Floor Muscles: Weakness or damage to the muscles that support the rectum and pelvis can contribute to rectal prolapse.
• Chronic Constipation: Chronic constipation and straining during bowel movements increase the risk of rectal prolapse by placing excessive pressure on the rectal tissues.
• Age and Gender: Rectal prolapse is more common in older adults, particularly women who have given birth multiple times.
• Neurological Disorders: Conditions such as multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injury can affect bowel function and increase the risk of rectal prolapse.

Signs and Symptoms:

• Visible protrusion of rectal tissue through the anus
• Rectal bleeding
• Discomfort or pain during bowel movements
• Mucous discharge from the rectum
• Fecal incontinence or difficulty controlling bowel movements
• Sensation of incomplete bowel emptying